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Carnelian

Property Specification
Chemical Formula SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide) with trace elements of iron
Crystal System Trigonal
Hardness (Mohs) 6.5 – 7
Specific Gravity 2.60 – 2.64
Cleavage None
Fracture Conchoidal
Luster Vitreous to waxy
Transparency Transparent to translucent
Refractive Index 1.535 – 1.545
Color Orange, red, brown, or reddish-brown (due to iron content)
Streak White
Tenacity Brittle
Crystal Habit Massive, nodular, or granular
Pleochroism None
Birefringence None (Isotropic)